Annotated Bibliography Jessica Dulz

Writers Memo

  • I found this research to be particularly interesting
  • This part of my annotated Bib. was surprisingly difficult
  • next time I would do this differently

I found the science behind the amount of protein that we should be consuming daily very interesting as well as the effects that too much protein can have on our bodies! This research really changed my view point on protein and I think I can safely say it disproves the view point that most of our society has that consuming protein will help you lose weight and build muscle. The hardest part of the annotated bibliography was finding credible sources that provided enough information to use. Next time I would do this slowly over a few days so I can look closer at the information and not be so rushed.


Caffery, Lee. "How Much Protein Do Athletes Need." Vanderbilt.edu. N.p.. Web. 10 Feb 2014. <http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/psychology/health_psychology/Protein.htm>.

This source provides information about a study conducted, which found that there were certain levels at which the amount of protein consumed no longer benefits our health and is simply stored as fat. This site gave many statistics and numbers that influence the way protein effects our bodies organs in both a positive and negative way. The author of this source also looks more closely into the relationship between different types of athletes and how protein can be used by each ( in beneficial ways) and what happens when an athlete consumes too much protein in their diet.

This source appears to be from the 1900's, which is fairly old when compared to the recent improvements that modern technology and science has made that could be used in more research on this subject. The author of this website is Lee Knight Caffery and although listed on this site is very hard to find further background information regarding her credentials. This makes it hard to validate the information that is provided. The original source that this article is posed on is Vanderbilt University. It was posted on here for an educational purpose to students that come across this site and to educate them on what may have been their previous beliefs of how to maintain a sufficient amount of protein in their diets.
1900s? Do you mean 1900-1910 or some other decade? Hamann

This source provided me with a great starting point on information that i can research more to find a more current articles and studies done on this topic. I found the science behind all of this information interesting and I think that it will make a big difference on how i approach the rest of this paper.

United States. Center for Disease Control. Protein. Atlanta: , 2012. Print. <http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/basics/protein.html>.

Protein is found in meats, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, tofu, nuts and seeds, milk and milk products, and grains. There are three different types of proteins; complete, incomplete, and complementary. This source provides examples and a basic understanding of what protein is and how each type of protein can be consumed and absorbed in our everyday diet.

This source is operated by the center for disease control and prevention (CDC). This is a reliable source because of the well established background of this organization. The CDC is operated by the government. This article was last updated in October of 2012, and since that was fairly recently I think that the information provided is reliable. This site has many provides links to follow on certain topics that provide the reader with more detail and information regarding certain points that are not covered as in depth by this source. This source does not list an author, however since it was produced by the CDC it can be assumed that the CDC is author. This information was posted for an informative purpose for the public, so others can make informed choices about the amount of protein that they consume.

This source provided me with background information about protein, which will be helpful to use in my paper so that I have some basic starting knowledge about protein and can further build off these facts. Although it was a short website and I will not be able to gather a large amount of detail off of it I think that having this knowledge and understanding will be helpful in further research and writing.

Poortmans, Jacques, and Olivier Dellalieux. "Do Regular High Protien Diets Have Potential Health Risks on Kidney Function in Athletes." International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. (2000): 10, 28-38. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <http://www.naspspa.org/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/742.pdf>.

This article is about a study conducted using body-builders (BB) and other well-trained athletes (OA) who had high and medium protein intake. The participants under well and seven day nutrition record as well as blood and urine collection to determine potential renal consequences of high protein consumption. In the conclusion of this study it was determined that protein intake under 2.8 kg does not impair renal function in well-trained athletes as indicated by the measures of renal functions.

This article is one of the more recent article that I was able to find regarding this topic, thus making it reliable. Poortmans one of the authors of this article is a well established author and has written multiple books all involving the relationship between biology, activities and physiques. Dellalieux is an author as well and has published many other articles about protein. Considering both of these authors backgrounds I believe that makes them both knowledgeable about the topic, and credible source to site. This information is important to my topic because it directly connects the two points that I am writing about (athletes and protein). The intended audience for this article is those who read the Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, which might be those that are already in this field of would like to be in a career field regarding this. The content of the article seem to lean more toward the side against athletes and protein intake but is not overwhelmingly biased. The purpose of this article is to inform and possibly persuade. It is persuasion because the audience that will be reading this will most likely have direct contact with athletes that they could pass this finding on to, and change the way the athletes are consuming protein and their beliefs about protein.

I found this source to be very interesting and will be using this as one of my main point in my paper. This helped me find more concrete evidence supporting my idea.

Quinn, Elizabeth. "Sports Nutrition - Protein Needs for Athletes." About.com Sports Medicine. N.p., 10 09 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2014. <http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/sportsnutrition/a/Protein.htm>.

This site states that the amount of protein consumed by strength athletes is not as important as the amount of carbohydrates intake and adequate glycogen stores. Neither far nor protein has been found to oxidize quick enough to meet the demands of this high intensity activity. This source also lists more examples of foods where the necessary daily protein requirements can be met.

Although About.com is not the most scientific source to be used I do think that because of other factors that this is reliable information. The author of this article is an exercise physiologist and fitness consultant who has been writing about topics similar to this for over a decade. I believe that with that large amount of expertise that her work can be trusted. This information was only from 4 years ago and I believe that is current enough to be trust worthy. The intended audience of this information is for those searching for tips/ideas/facts about protein and exercise. Only those that are looking for this information will find it. The purpose of this text is to inform those who do go looking for the information. As far as I can tell there is no bias in this text, and it is simply to inform those who come across it about what their body really requires while exercising.

This source was helpful to me because it was straight forward information regarding my topic. The source also provided more links regarding this topic or those similar to this that gave me more ideas on different approaches that I can take to my paper. The most helpful thing that this provided me with was the discovery that the body needs other things than protein to sustain itself during exercise.

Wolfe, Robert, and Kevin Tipton. "Protein and amino acids for athletes." Journal of sports science. (2004): 65-79. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <http://www.uscupstate.edu/uploadedFiles/Student_Affairs/Health_Promotion_and_Education/Protein IV.pdf>.

This article claims that most athletes intake sufficient protein in their habitual or normal diet, and that adding protein will only have a minimal advantage. if muscle hypertrophy is the goal, a
higher protein intake within the context of an athlete’s overall dietary requirements may be beneficial. However, there are few convincing outcome data to indicate that the ingestion of a high amount of protein (2–3 g kg71 BW day71, where BW= body weight) is necessary.

Since the publisher of this article is the journal of sport science it is a very reliable source the information that it contains can be well trusted. Further information regarding the authors background is hard to come by, which makes this source a little less reliable than before this was discovered. This information is important to my paper because it is directed toward those involved in sports whether it be playing the sport or somewhere on the manager or health side of athletics. The purpose of this article is inform those that are reading it about how much protein is really needed.

I think that this source will be very helpful to my paper, because it has a large amount of facts and percentages that will be useful. I think that this paper will make up a big part of one of my points that support my topic.

Phillips, Stuart, Daniel Moore, and Jason Tang. "A critical examination of dietary protein requirments, benifits, and excesses in athletes." International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. (2007): 58-76. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <http://journals.humankinetics.com/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/9898.pdf>.

This source stated that "Currently, no group or groups of scientists involved in establishing dietary guidelines see a need for any statement that athletes or people engaging in regular physical activity require more protein than their sedentary counterparts." This article discuses the diffrences between required dietary protein and optimal protein intake levels in individuals.

Since this article was published by the Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise, which is a well established as trust worthy source, I am more the comfortable with using this as a source in my paper. The information contained in the article was published in 2007, which makes the article fairly current, although it could be more recent based on other sources that I have found most information in this time era to be current and accurate. The purpose of this information is to persuade the reader to change their previous thought about protein intake and the amounts/ levels needed. Another purpose of this is to inform those who read this article or magazine because this information most likely directly effects their lives.

This source is similar to other articles that I have used as sources but I think that, because it looks at this topic from more than one view point that it will provide more depth in my paper and give it a boost. I would like to use this as one of my main points to cover during my paper in support of my topic.

Schuna, Carly. "Negative Effects of Protein Supplements." San Francisco Chronicle 2014, n. pag. Web. 17 Feb. 2014. <http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/negative-effects-protein-supplements-6786.html>.

This article provides a vast amount of information regarding the negative effects of too much protein on a persons body. Some of these negative effects include; inferior nutrition, digestive problems, and kidney risks.

When first opening this site the page is titled "SFGate", which required further research on finding out what this stood for. SFGate is the San Francisco chronicle. The author of the article only writes about health relate topics, which I believe makes her credible about this topic since it is her career. I am fairly certain that the article was published in 2014 making it very current, although some doubts did rise due to the difficulty of finding this date. The purpose of this article is to inform reader, those residing in San Francisco most likely, about the negative effects that a high protein intake can have on their bodies when they consume it.

Although there were some red flags that went up while applying the CRAAPs test to this source I think that it provided me with a good base of background knowledge and a starting point that can transition point in my paper to more in depth research on the specific points that are made in this source.

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