Chapter 9 Notes Johnson

How Do We Use Sources Responsibly

• For scholars nearly every paper is a research paper
• Scholars maintain their integrity by making a good faith effort not to cheat the authors whose words and ideas they barrow
• To fully understand sources content, intended purpose, and persuasive strategies before you critique them , disagree with them, or use them to support your own arguments
• Scholars rarely write alone

Create a Conversation

• When you build sources into arguments, you not only clarify who your sources are, but you also create linkages by telling readers:
  1. why a quote is there
  2. what it means
  3. how its related to, or supports, your argument
• Interpret the source
• Explain how the quotation relates to your argument
• Tell readers aha makes the quotation significant
• Consider ways to make a source your own

Paraphrasing

• Original text
• Proper paraphrase
• Proper paraphrase with quotation
• Patch writing

How do we know we need to cite something

• Always cite quotations and paraphrases
• Cite summaries
• Cite statistics, dates, and other details
• The number of times some information gets published may or may not indicate anything about it being commonly known
• We create arguments from sources by responsibly borrowing and building on the words and thoughts of other scholars